In China, more and more primary school mathematics teachers have begun to introduce mathematics picture books into their teaching, they hope to stimulate students' interest in mathematics and promote the development of students by introducing mathematical picture books. This article is based on the understanding of the connotation of mathematical picture books, the analysis of the characteristics of primary school mathematics learning and the current situation of teaching, suggested applying mathematics picture books in primary school mathematics teaching by paying attention to students' emotional development, perfecting teaching methods, cultivating students' thinking ability, focusing on the process of teaching and improving teachers' guiding ability.