Nanotechnology has produced a lot of energy worldwide and is being refered to as the key technology of the 21stcentury. Nanotechnology is a designing of functional systems at the molecular level, covers a wide scope of themes and is centered around controlling and misusing the structure of issue on an expansive scale beneath 100 nanometers. Nanotechnology is the future of advanced development. It is everything today from clothes to foods there are every sector in its range we ought to advance it more for our future and for more developments in our current life. In this paper we have discussed the idea of Nanotechnology along with its history, applications, risks and development of nanotechnology in India. Nanotechnology can be characterized as the science of controlling issue at the nanometer scale keeping in mind the end goal to find new properties and potentially create new products. For the previous 30 years, a impressive measure of logical intrigue and R&D financing committed to nanotechnology has prompted rapid developments in all regions of science and engineering, including chemistry, materials, energy, medicine, biotechnology, agriculture, food, electronic devices, and consumer products. Effectively a few items have showed up in the marketplace and more will absolutely come in the future. A conceivable concern is the health, safety, and environmental effect of some of these items in India.